Vrishakapai (वृषकपि, IAST: Vṛṣakapi) is a Sanskrit-origin Hindu boy-name meaning “The divine bull-monkey, lord of righteousness and vitality”. Vṛṣa (bull, righteousness, dharma) and kapi (monkey, or one who moves swiftly upward) combine in this ancient and mysterious name, alluding to a Ṛgvedic hymn in which Viṣṇu appears in a form celebrated for cosmic vitality and playful power.

Meaning, etymology & significance

The Vṛṣākapi Sūkta (Ṛgveda 10.86) is one of the most enigmatic hymns in the entire Vedic corpus, featuring Indra, his wife Indrāṇī, and the divine being Vṛṣākapi in a dialogue full of symbolic richness. Scholars and commentators have interpreted Vṛṣākapi as a solar deity, as Viṣṇu in a playful form, or as a personification of virile cosmic energy. His inclusion in the Viṣṇu Sahasranāma anchors this ancient mystery within Vaiṣṇava devotion.

Vṛṣakapi is one of the rarest and most archaic epithets in the Sahasranāma, beloved by Vedic scholars for its antiquity; it is seldom used as a given name due to its esoteric and complex nature. Pronounced vṛ-ṣa-ka-pi, with the retroflex ṛ and ṣa distinctly sounded.

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Scriptural source

Vrishakapai appears in the Vishnu Sahasranama, among the sacred names of Vishnu.